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Sunil Somalwar, a physics professor at Rutgers University, presents the following argument at the Better World Club site:
Let us conservatively say that a Prius goes 40 miles on a gallon of gasoline. After taking into account the 20 lbs CO2 released by burning a gallon of gasoline, 40mpg amounts to two miles per pound of CO2 emission. On the other hand, a plug-in electric car may not emit any CO2 from the tailpipe, but when I draw a kilowatt-hour from the electric grid here in New Jersey to charge the car batteries, a coal plant in some other state belches out 2.5 lbs of CO2. According to Toyota, the plug-in version of the Prius will run about 2.5 miles on that kilowatt-hour of electricity, which means that I get only one mile per pound of CO2 emission. When I plug it in, my 40-50 mpg Prius becomes half as efficient and turns into a 20 mpg SUV. (The story with GM's upcoming Volt plug-in car is no different.)
Here's the rest of the story (it's pretty short). Has the good professor overlooked anything?
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http://lists.mutualaid.org/pipermail/sustainableto...
Several people brought up the obvious point that it depends on how you are recharging your battery (e.g. off grid system, green power sources, etc). Also, even in the case of coal powered plants, most plug-ins will most likely be plugged in at night, when excess electricity is already generated anyhow -- i.e., the coal is being burned regardless (because it's too costly and inefficient to power down a plant temporarily on a daily basis). Right now, a considerable amount of that energy powers NOTHING, so by using it to recharge batteries, at least you're getting something useful for all the CO2 you're emitting.
I've run across a number of discussions of this on-line -- here's a TreeHugger take:
http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/04/plug-in-hy...